IELTS • Speaking
IELTS Speaking: Compare the Past and Present
Use specific time language to explain how habits, places, and experiences have changed.
Show time clearly
Questions about change require more than two descriptions. Explain what was true before, what is true now, and why the difference matters.
Past, Present, Reason
Past: describe the earlier situation.
Present: explain the current situation.
Reason: identify what caused the change or how you feel about it.
Practice question
Has the way you spend your free time changed since you were younger?
Model: Yes, quite a lot. When I was younger, I spent most of my free time playing sport with friends outdoors. Nowadays I tend to choose quieter activities such as reading or cooking because my working week is much busier.
Useful language
- I used to…, whereas now…
- Compared with the past…
- The biggest change is…
- This is mainly because…
Practice
Develop this answer: “My town is different now.” Add one past detail, one present detail, and a reason.
Possible answer
My town used to be fairly quiet, whereas now it attracts many weekend visitors. The change is mainly due to a new train connection with the city.
Production task
Answer three questions about changes in your habits, neighbourhood, or studies. Use specific time language.